Start the nitrous.

These rockets use experimental motors like nitrous oxide.

I can get you crystal meth, nitrous oxide.

At 11AM there is one bacterium.

The clue to this came from another marine bacterium, and it's a bacterium called Vibrio fischeri.

Here we go, Mr. White. A little nitrous for you.

Once upon a time there's this happy little bacterium.

A strain of this bacterium was grown in space.

Nitrous oxide stopped being used as an anaesthetic a long time ago.

Nitrous oxide stopped being used as an anaesthetic a long time ago.

Is it bigger than the biggest bacterium? We don't know.

Look, if this is about the amount of nitrous oxide I gave you...

Because it took a lot of crafty work to infect this bacterium.

And so this particular bacterium is actually visible to the naked eye.

A bacterium, which has no consciousness at all, wants to move towards light.

A virus grabbed onto a bacterium and it slipped its DNA into it.

When a secret agent virus infects a bacterium, they do a little espionage.

These viruses make copies of themselves by slipping their DNA into a bacterium.

If you see this, and you're a bacterium, this is like your worst nightmare.

Bacteriophage replication is initiated through the introduction of viral nucleic acid into a bacterium.

So you can find a little feature on a bacterium that you don't like,

This bacterium has the special property that it makes light, so it makes bioluminescence,

You can take virtually any parameter that matters for human well being nitrous oxide, methane, deforestation, overfishing

Now this bacterium is part of mats that are found off the coast of Chile.

Most agricultural emissions come from tropical deforestation, methane from animals and rice fields, and nitrous oxide from over fertilizing.

They either pop the bacterial membrane, they make the bacterium so it can't replicate its DNA.

What you're looking at on this slide is just a person from my lab holding a flask of a liquid culture of a bacterium, a harmless beautiful bacterium that comes from the ocean, named Vibrio fischeri.

What we now know is that if we treat the animal with a pathogenic bacterium a multi drug resistant pathogenic bacterium in the same time we give our anti quorum sensing molecule, in fact, the animal lives.

Already it is possible to sequence the entire genetic code of a bacterium in under four hours.

This is one mechanism by which the bacterium Bacteroides fragilis prevents a mouse version of multiple sclerosis.

There are people who are mimicking the energy harvesting device inside of purple bacterium, the people at ASU.

So if you look right there, it finds that little bacterium, and it engulfs it and eats it.

And this is the mechanism by which the bacterium called Lactobacillus rhamnosus effects depressive like behavior in mice.

Economic expansion has resulted in increases in atmospheric nitrous oxide and methane, ozone depletion, increases in great floods, damage to ocean ecosystems, including nitrogen runoff,

What the important thing is that we learned is that every bacterium has exactly the same enzyme and makes exactly the same molecule.

What you know is that when that bacterium gets into the animal, in this case, a mouse, it doesn't initiate virulence right away.

So, by treating mice with this bacterium Bacteroides fragilis we're able to correct core abnormalities, such as the communication deficit that is depicted here.

Jullie, call Mrs. Himelfarb, remind her to floss, cancel all my appointments for the rest of my life, send in as much nitrous as you can, and call the FBI.

Each cylinder is about 10 percent ancient air, a pristine time capsule of greenhouse gases carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide all unchanged from the day that snow formed and first fell.

Do you realize that we can take advantage and commandeer the machinery of a common bacterium to produce the protein of human insulin used to treat diabetics?

First we figured out how this bacterium does this, but then we brought the tools of molecular biology to this to figure out really what's the mechanism.

But with synthetic biology, we can actually imagine engineering this bacterium to produce something that gives us the quality, quantity and shape of material that we desire.

If you lop this off and attach it to the tail of a different bacterium, which creates a vigorous immune response, they've created a very powerful flu fighter.

But it could be close to zero, if we're thinking about an ant, or we're thinking about a dust mite, or maybe if you consider even a bacterium an animal.

Their bodies had been totally taken over by another organism, a bacterium, that had figured out how to replicate photosynthesis in the dark, through a process we now call chemosynthesis.