That's why lakes freeze from the top down and aquatic life is able to survive through a cold winter every year.

This is a three dimensional machine.

We still haven't figured out best how to visualize the data.

And here's the weapon, it seems, that it did so over the last 500 million years.

It's one of my favorites, because it's got all sorts of working parts.

So, I was not scared.

Well, what about these Avidians?

Why? Because they are just like the ClA.

But what's really interesting unlike our ceramics that are in kilns, it happens in seawater.

(Laughter)

What if we were to separate out metals from waste streams, small amounts of metals in water?

It runs down the rivers, and it feeds the plankton, the little microscopic plant cells in the coastal water.

I dropped a hydrophone, an underwater microphone covered in rubber, down the mouth part, and immediately the critter began to absorb the microphone into its belly, and the tentacles were searching out of the surface for something of nutritional value.

If it were not for water, no living things could live.

If it were not for water, no living things could live.

As we did some of our subsequent expeditions,

And do that, and spread the word.

What I call the human portion humans and their livestock and pets versus the natural portion all the other wild animals and just these are vertebrates and all the birds, etc., in the land and air, not in the water.

But for water, no living thing could survive.

You could search the world over, but you'd never find a place more diverse than my childhood home.

How can anything survive in a climate like this? A heat wave all year long.

If it were not for water, no living things could live.

Fish cannot live out of water.

If it were not for water, no living things could live.

It lives in the deep ocean, about a mile and a half deep, almost at boiling water temperatures.

And there's a whole new hydrothermal vent community that has been formed.

But by now, everybody agrees that the elephant had an aquatic ancestor.

I cannot live in water. I'm not a fish.

So, next I went to London.

You can make a biocensor out of yeast to detect pollutants in water.

I'll end up with saying one thing.

If it were not for water, nothing could live.

Animals cannot exist without air and water.

If it were not for water, no creature could live.

And then the adult, which comes after, lives for one or two months.

Then the plankton feeders, these little damselfish, the little animals floating in the water.

You're a degenerate creature of darkness.

Water is essential to life.

My big breakthrough.

The marvel of this information

That sparkle you're seeing is not luminescence, that's just electronic noise on these super intensified cameras.

It's a waterborne disease, not something that's in the air.

So rainfall cycle and water regulation by rainforests at an ecosystem level.

Water is going to be our big, grand challenge quenching thirst.

A variety of creatures can be seen under the water.