And the reason is that cancer, like every cell in the body, places little molecular bookmarks,

So that all the cells of your body the skin cells, the cells of your liver, and of your heart, and even of your ear, those cells know, at a fundamental molecular level, whether they are XX or XY.

Of course, we're going to go even deeper than the human body.

So these communities began to evolve so that the interesting level on which evolution was taking place was no longer a cell, but a community which we call an organism.

You probably know, if you've been paying attention to some of the science literature that you can now take a skin cell and encourage it to become a liver cell or a heart cell or a kidney cell or a brain cell for any of us.

So in a male, you have some germ cells, so some of these cells turn into germ cells.

Եկեք դա նշեմ բջջային թաղանթ

Fat derived stem cells are adult stem cells.

That turns out to be a big deal because now you can take, not just mouse cells, but you can human skin cells and turn them into human stem cells.

No thanks, I'd actually rather store this energy.

And if this continues the toe cell would die.

Detail level

And, there are other frequently dividing cells in your body

Each one plays a particular role a heart cell, a muscle cell, a brain cell.

In these cells, the mission is to move blood around their body.

So if I start off with a diploid cell, and that's my diploid cell right there, this would be a germ cell.

The observation that stem cells, as master cells, could give rise to a whole variety of different cell types heart cells, liver cells, pancreatic islet cells captured the attention of the media and the imagination of the public.

And that's your ancestor.

This is the whole cell.

I shouldn't say cell wall.

Global Detail Level

We're here today to announce the first synthetic cell, a cell made by starting with the digital code in the computer, building the chromosome from four bottles of chemicals, assembling that chromosome in yeast, transplanting it into a recipient bacterial cell and transforming that cell into a new bacterial species.

It shows you these cells that process information.

And as we go smaller again, about ten times smaller than that, is a cell.

Now, let's take a normal example.

The centrosomes have gone to opposite sides of the cell itself.

So this is my body cells.

But even now, 2011, there's still certain cells that we just can't grow from the patient.

The diagnostic scan provides an image... of every system in your body on a cellular scale.

So, that pathologist is just like looking at this plastic bottle.

It's really going to look more like a sphere.

And so if this germ cell undergoes meiosis, and I'll do a whole video on the mechanics of it, instead of two cells, it'll actually produce four cells that each have half the number of chromosomes in them, so these cells are haploid.

The most exciting thing for Bob Lanza is the ability now to take any kind of cell with induced pluripotent stem cells and turn it into germ cells, like sperm and eggs.

So certain genes are expressed in certain parts of the body, but every one of your body cells, and we call those somatic cells, and we'll separate those from the sex sells or the germs that we'll talk about later.

Սա ունի բջիջ պրոկարիորտ առանց կորիզի

It remembers that it's cancer.

Cell division

Cell radius

They were developed in Japan pretty recently.

From Conception to Birth Oocyte

Fuel cells.

May do much danger. Friar John, go hence Get me an iron crow and bring it straight

So that DNA will incorporate itself into the

It has not experienced cytokinesis, which we will talk about in a few moments, but that's the process of the actual cytoplasm of the cell being split into two different cells.

And we then can re perfuse the liver with cells, preserving the blood vessel tree.