Humans appear to be the only primates that I know of that are afraid of heights.

No, it only affects primates.

Why would that be? Well, that probably has to do with reciprocity.

What are you, the Primate Garbage Police?

Three reasons. First, curiosity.

The fourth foundation is authority respect.

So let me give you a few examples here.

Biology we have co adapted through biology to like bright colors.

A 'roo hops in Oz a horse runs in Asia and a wolf evolves stilt legs in Brazil. Primates emerge from jungles, as tarsiers first,

If we look across many, many different species of animals, not just us primates, but also including other mammals, birds, even marsupials

So you're not really sure what's going on with the pig.

And if we're more concerned about our fellow primates than we are about insects, as indeed we are, it's because we think they're exposed to a greater range of potential happiness and suffering.

The primates include not only the apes, but also man.

Grooming in primates increases group cohesion.

So, they completely miss the metaphorical meaning.

I got to a point where I discovered something called the expensive tissue hypothesis.

It's the autobiographical self which some species have, I think.

I started doing some research then, and this was the 25 year journey, and started finding out that actually human beings as primates have far smaller stomachs than should be the size for our body weight and far larger brains.

And I can tell you, any monkey will do anything for you if you get a little drop of Brazilian orange juice.

(Laughter)

The good news about Holly though is that she doesn't actually have the same kinds of technologies we do.

My name is Ralph Schuyler. Bill March.

It's about opening up.

We have got, under our skin, a layer of fat, all over nothing in the least like that in any other primate.

This is CB1 fulfilling its dream in Japan under the control of the brain activity of a primate.

5.93 million years ago was when our earliest primate human ancestors stood up.

Physiologically, there also are differences on two key hormones testosterone, which is the dominance hormone, and cortisol, which is the stress hormone.

Man is the lord of all creation.

He's the clan leader. She's their spiritual leader.

It might be after all, most other mammals live half as long as the chimpanzee, so we're sort of three and a half or four times, have four times the longevity of most mammals.

I think morality is much more than what I've been talking about, but it would be impossible without these ingredients that we find in other primates, which are empathy and consolation, pro social tendencies and reciprocity and a sense of fairness.

Well, we all do, and the reason for that is because we have a belief engine in our brains.

You want the person who's powerful and assertive and dominant, but not very stress reactive, the person who's laid back.

In times when it seems least appropriate to play, it might be the times when it is most urgent.

There are two kinds of fox spirits good fox and bad fox.

When he saw Jesus, he cried out and fell at his feet, shouting...

We did an extensive review of the literature in related fields, like cognitive psychology, spatial cognition, gender studies, play theory, sociology, primatology.

Here we have savanna giraffes, but through evolution we have this forest giraffe that lives only in Congo.

It's the only possible explanation of why humans, if they're very unlucky, can become grossly obese, in a way that would be totally impossible for any other primate, physically impossible.

But when you take these three billion base pairs, you're actually encoding all of the information that it takes to make in this case a human being.

If ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny, then children are somewhat closer to our roots as primates in the arboreal forest.

There are over 40,000 described species of spiders.

We can. So what if we evolved as hunting pack animals?

So, this area is about eight times the size in higher especially in humans as in lower primates.

We are human, and we have the capacity to love, we have the capacity to wonder, and we have a sort of boundless curiosity, a restless inquisitiveness that so suits us as primates, I think.