Internal organs, lymphatic system, the works.

Hi. I'm here to talk about congestion, namely road congestion.

on your left hip into the lymphatic sack.

liked congestion pricing all along.

He said the cancer's moved into my lymphatic system.

Road congestion is a pervasive phenomenon.

You really reduce congestion quite substantially.

Central nervous system and the lymphatic. Tell me the difference.

Our delay was due to traffic congestion.

We know how to get around traffic congestion.

Tell me the difference between the central nervous system and the lymphatic.

In London, the day they turned the congestion pricing on, there was a 25 percent decrease in congestion overnight, and that's persisted for the four years in which they've been doing congestion pricing.

We are familiar with the traffic congestion in Hangzhou.

And the lymphatic system is the stuff in your blood that fights diseases.

The first day with the congestion charges looked like this.

We were delayed by traffic congestion, so we had to hurry.

We were delayed by traffic congestion, so we had to hurry.

They're relieving congestion, and they're frankly starting to save some fuel.

This shows public support for congestion pricing of Stockholm, and you see that when congestion pricing were introduced in the beginning of Spring 2006, people were fiercely against it.

In spite of the terrible congestion, I was in time for the appointment.

The demand for parking, of course, is down, congestion and the CO2 emissions.

So, the last example of this is congestion pricing, very famously done in London.

Whatever happens with congestion pricing and those technologies will be happening with road pricing.

And let's now look at how we can use this insight to combat road congestion.

So with cities, you also have congestion and pollution and disease and all these negative things.

Congestion pricing is being discussed in every major city around the world and is, again, wirelessly enabled.

Hacking every byte of financial data for the entire country'd take weeks unless you eliminated the congestion.

If you can reduce traffic even somewhat, then congestion will go down much faster than you might think.

This is the last day with the congestion charges, July 31, and you see the same street but now it's summer, and summer in Stockholm is a very nice and light time of the year, and the first day without the congestion charges

And what congestion pricing is is that it's a technology trial and a psychological trial for something called road pricing.

We have to solve the pollution, we have to solve the congestion but that's not what interests me in this speech.

But what happened when the congestion charges were there is not what you would expect, that people hated it more and more.

Because we're going to do congestion pricing, we are going to do road tolls, gas taxes are going to become road pricing.

Another benefit we've noticed is we can now avoid congestion in one particular hospital since we can identify which units are overcrowded or not.

So, I want to move now to the second part of my story, which is when are we going to start doing this congestion pricing?

It's now six and a half years ago since the congestion charges were introduced in Stockholm, and we basically have the same low traffic levels still.

Now, congestion charges were introduced in Stockholm on January 3, 2006, and the first picture here is a picture of Stockholm, one of the typical streets, January 2.

Now, that's also wrong, because traffic happens to be a nonlinear phenomenon, meaning that once you reach above a certain capacity threshold then congestion starts to increase really, really rapidly.

We think we can develop a vehicle that operates on bike lanes, accessible to elderly and disabled, women in skirts, businesspeople, and address the issues of energy congestion, mobility, aging and obesity simultaneously.

Now, Stockholm is a medium sized city, roughly two million people, but Stockholm also has lots of water and lots of water means lots of bridges narrow bridges, old bridges which means lots of road congestion.

As soon as the bacon was well under way, and Millie, her lymphatic aid, had been brisked up a bit by a few deftly chosen expressions of contempt, she carried the cloth, plates, and glasses into the parlour and began to lay them with the utmost eclat.

Which means that we are now in a position where we have reduced traffic across this toll cordon with 20 percent, and reduced congestion by enormous numbers, and people aren't even aware that they have changed, and they honestly believe that they have liked this all along.

Well, the thing is that, the congestion charges, they were introduced first as a trial, so they were introduced in January and then abolished again at the end of July, followed by a referendum, and then they were reintroduced again in 2007, which of course was a wonderful scientific opportunity.