Spectroscopy, that was another one.

Spectroscopy can probably answer the question,

It's not very fun to do spectroscopy.

(Laughter) (Microwave beeps) (Laughter)

It's amazing. So this is the power of spectroscopy.

How long should I microwave this?

Please put this in the microwave oven.

Please put this into the microwave oven.

So a microwave is a similar system.

And cosmic microwave background is not perfectly uniform.

It also predicts exactly the right kind of cosmic microwave background fluctuations, as they are observed on microwave background sky.

The power of spectroscopy was actually realized by Pink Floyd already in 1973.

A nice new way to measure this is so called integral field spectroscopy.

A microwave oven gets food hot in an instant.

Bell, Gaby tomorrow Mommy's teaching you to use microwave!

This is the WMAP microwave background that we see.

It is about time we bought a new microwave oven.

And this is our motion, relative to the cosmic microwave background.

But I'll try to convince you that spectroscopy is actually something which can change this world.

So next time we will talk about cosmology Cosmic microwave background fluctuations.

Even the repairman couldn't figure out what had gone wrong with the microwave.

That year's buzzword was digital digital clocks, digital microwave ovens, even digital pens.

At the very large scales, it is normalized by using the cosmic microwave background.

Today I use a microwave because I cannot take the big induction machine here onstage.

Whether we're talking about a microwave oven or whether we're talking about elections, for example.

We now turn to the use of the cosmic microwave background as a cosmological tool.

Professor Van Allen told me about observations of Venus, that there was intense microwave radiation.

A, it only works on microwave, and B, it doesn't work all that well yet.

It was in the microwave range, and it appeared to be coming from all directions simultaneously.

I have to talk about astronomy without showing you any single image of nebulae or galaxies, etc. because my job is spectroscopy.

My microwave is acting up. I think I'd rather get a new one than repair this one.

Those are of course responsible for the Doppler peaks in the power spectrum of the microwave background.

And in the MRI and MR spectroscopy here, the prostate tumor activity is shown in red you can see it diminishing after a year.

It may not seem that, but if you were a microwave, this is how you would view it.

The existence of the cosmic microwave background is one of the two great predictions of the Big Bang cosmology.

I can open a packet and program a microwave, never learned to cook I'm a modern day wage slave.

Neither the prediction of the cosmic microwave background sky, nor formation of galaxies essentially today are is what's observed.

This test got revived through the cosmic microwave background. And it's probably now the most important of all of our tools.

And then, you see that there is a dipole, due to the motion of the Milky Way relative to microwave background.

So put it in one of those Tupperware containers and I'll heat it up in the microwave when I get home.

And those fluctuations were stretched to astronomical sizes, and those fluctuations eventually are the things we see in the cosmic microwave background.

So when, microwave background is released, the decoupling stops, and, whatever pattern of fluctuation was there will remain frozen and observable today.

The expectation then is that cosmic microwave background will have large scale fluctuations with fairly high amplitudes maybe 10 to the 3.

We know largely from the precision measurements of the cosmic microwave background that universe is very close to flat, if not absolutely flat.

The first one was studies of a cosmic microwave background with exquisite precision, both from round, from balloon, burning instruments, and from space.