Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

But let's stick first to tuberculosis.

These days few people suffer from tuberculosis.

And this is my right pulmonary artery. So this is my right and left pulmonary artery.

Pulmonary flow. So, what does that mean?

Up here you have the pulmonary valve.

And I've drawn it as one tube with no split and this is the pulmonary trunk. Pulmonary trunk.

Incidences of leukaemia, tuberculosis and meningitis have dropped considerably.

This is more than HlV AlDS, malaria and tuberculosis combined.

I'm actually just gonna write that here Pulmonary circulation.

I began documenting the close connection between HlV AlDS and tuberculosis.

She herself was suffering from HlV she was suffering from tuberculosis.

The pulmonary veins drain blood and into the left atrium, right.

And this part of the journey is called the pulmonary circulation.

And remember I call them arteries, because they're going away from the heart. And there are two arteries, so pulmonary arteries left and right pulmonary arteries.

And the economic burden of asthma exceeds that of HlV and tuberculosis combined.

But the actual number could be a few pulmonary veins in total.

And what I did, I gave him just antibiotics that we care for tuberculosis.

Some years ago, learning that one had tuberculosis amounted to hearing a sentence of death.

And not a single soul in this area was being treated for AlDS or tuberculosis.

And then it's gonna come out on the other side, in the pulmonary veins.

I've drawn the pulmonary valve as being open, but is that really the case?

We're talking now explosives, tuberculosis, but can you imagine, you can actually put anything under there.

The tuberculosis rate on Pine Ridge is approximately eight times higher than the US national average.

The good news, it's not cancer, it's not tuberculosis, it's not coccidioidomycosis or some obscure fungal infection.

I was diagnosed with tuberculosis meningitis, which complicated into hydrocephalus and that's when I started forgetting things.

I had high blood pressure, Diabetes and a pulmonary embolism the sizer of a smart car.

You've got pulmonary arteries carrying blood, you've got bronchial arteries carrying blood and that blood mixes.

Joseph Nyamwanda Jura Ondijo treated patients outside of Kisumu, Kenya for AlDS, tuberculosis, infertility, mental illness, evil spirits.

For instance, scientists have recovered DNA from the bacteria that transmits tuberculosis from the remains of ancient Egyptian mummies.

My grandmother had tuberculosis, and she worked in a sewing machine shop, making shirts for about 10 cents an hour.

The job, the second job of the heart, is actually also in this picture, and it's called pulmonary flow.

And actually here I'm gonna make the point that there aren't just two pulmonary veins, one for each lung.

And the first one, the pulmonary circulation, is really kind of relying on the right vetricle as the pump.

You can see how the pulmonary and aortic valve are closed when the mitral and tricuspid valve are open.

From the body... to the right auricle... to the right ventricle... and out the pulmonary arteries to the lungs.

So what you see kind of colored in now, is the pulmonary circulation. That's the first part of our circuit.

On top of that, Manuru has tuberculosis, yet he's still forced to work day in and day out in that mine shaft.

But before it goes it has to passed another valve. So this is a valve right here. Call it Pulmonary valve.

And it gives you the clue where the things we are going to go next. Because the word pulmonary means lungs.

So there's this actual extra little step here, where blood is going to and from the lungs, and that's the pulmonary flow.

I had a heart catheterization, where they measure this internal arterial pulmonary pressure, which is supposed to be between 15 and 20.

I was starting my career as an opera singer in Europe, when I was diagnosed with idiopathic pulmonary hypertension also known as PH.

Randomized clinical trials were actually invented in 1948 to help invent the drugs that cured tuberculosis, and those are important things, don't get me wrong.

There's actually a for the first time now, something going to human trials, that actually cures pulmonary hypertension a fatal disease using gene therapy.