And at that time, stem cell research had gained momentum, following the isolation of the world's first human embryonic stem cells in the 1990s.

These are a stem cell line.

This is a stem cell that we've developed here in Oxford, from an embryonic stem cell.

But where is stem cell therapy really going?

So each of these is an embryonic stem cell.

So that's what they call a stem cell line.

I put one stem cell in a culture dish all by itself and that stem cell divides every ten to twelve hours.

So, remember I told you about my brother's stem cell transplant.

And it seemed that tumors actually begin from a stem cell.

Stem cell therapies may one day reduce the need for donor organs.

It has the capacity to produce thousands and thousands of stem cell lines.

So you have this notion of when you to get an embryonic stem cell line, and when I say a stem cell line, I mean you take a couple of stem cells, or let's say you take one stem cell, and then you put it in a Petri dish, and then you allow it to just duplicate.

Isolation? That's right.

Tim can you tell me whether my brother's stem cell transplant worked or not?

Adult stem cells are throughout our body, including the blood forming stem cells in our bone marrow, which we've been using as a form of stem cell therapy for over 40 years.

They all came from one unique embryonic stem cell or what initially was a blastomere.

And I focused my research on stem cells as a possible source for cell transplants.

Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Each variable in isolation.

This isolation is unbearable.

Everybody worked in isolation.

The isolation, the travelling.

Fat derived stem cells are adult stem cells.

Or we can use cells alone, either your very own cells or different stem cell populations.

We can now reprogram your skin cells to actually act like a pluripotent embryonic stem cell and to utilize those potentially to treat multiple organs in that same patient making your own personalized stem cell lines.

In 1998, human embryonic stem cells were first identified, and just nine years later, a group of scientists in Japan were able to take skin cells and reprogram them with very powerful viruses to create a kind of pluripotent stem cell called an induced pluripotent stem cell, or what we refer to as an IPS cell.

game about consciousness and isolation

Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, or Durability?

We know that isolation kills.

And cooperation instead of isolation.

But adult stem cells are not embryonic stem cells.

Short Stem Funnel

So the debate obviously is when you start an embryonic stem cell line, you are destroying an embryo.

And one of the the cutting edge areas that we're just incredibly excited about is stem cell therapy.

But thanks to recent advances in stem cell research... and the fine work of Doctors Krinski and Altschuler...

I felt a sense of isolation.

That's all stem cells.

Here's another example of stem cell therapy that isn't quite clinical yet, but I think very soon will be.

Isolation is the common lot of man.

Swartz's isolation from friends and family increased.

And nothing can be looked at isolation.

It could be a world of isolation.

Okay, induced pluripotent stem cells.

Plus we have stem cells.

Somatic or adults stem cells.