Norse

Old Norse mixed with Old English, and many Old Norse words like freckle,

It's based on Norse legend.

It's the World Tree in Norse mythology.

And over the ensuing few years, there were great sagas about designing Biosphere 2.

So why didn't the Greenland Norse as well?

In the case of Norse Greenland, the hostiles were the Inuit the Eskimos sharing Greenland with whom the Norse got off to bad relationships.

The beautiful literary trope was used in the Norse word for ship,

On the other side were the Danes who spoke a language called Old Norse.

And in one of the stories in Norse mythology it's variously told different ways

And I'll illustrate that five point framework by the extinction of the Greenland Norse society.

And we know that the Inuit killed the Norse and, probably of greater importance, may have blocked access to the outer fjords, on which the Norse depended for seals at a critical time of the year.

Their word for window was related to the Old Norse word for the same architectural feature, vindauga.

This type of metaphoric compound, called a kenning, was very popular in both Norse and Old English.

So that's how the five part framework is relevant to the collapse and eventual extinction of the Greenland Norse.

In the case of the Greenland Norse, cultural factors that made it difficult for them to solve their problems were their commitments to a

For example, among the Greenland Norse a competitive rank society what the chiefs really wanted is more followers and more sheep and more resources to outcompete the neighboring chiefs.

For example, the Greenland Norse, in this difficult environment, were held together for four and a half centuries by their shared commitment to religion, and by their strong social cohesion.

Baldr was a god in Norse mythology so beautiful, so perfect that as a child his mother asked all of the other things in the world to promise not to hurt him.

And in the case of the Viking Norse, the Vikings inadvertently caused soil erosion and deforestation, which was a particular problem for them because they required forests to make charcoal, to make iron.

In the case of the Greenland Norse, they had trade with the mother country Norway and that trade dwindled partly because Norway got weaker, partly because of sea ice between Greenland and Norway.

It is named after the Norse god Thor and I know the noble baroness will be pleased to know that it's dimorphic and there are all sorts of other facts that she can find in Wikipedia, as indeed, I did.